Different people get different results from the same exercise.
Getting enough exercise is a great way to feel better, both physically and mentally. It can also help prevent or delay health problems, which is why researchers are looking for ways to find out which exercises work best for each person's body.
Different types of exercise can bring different health benefits, weight training can strengthen bones, stretching can make you more flexible. Alternatively, aerobic exercise is expected to improve heart health.
However, because people's bodies are built differently, some people may find it easier to develop stronger muscle "power" or better "endurance" to keep moving for longer periods of time, which is why they are better suited for different sports.
However, this idea does not only apply to athletes, it also affects people who are doing physical activities for fitness.
"There are different reasons why different people adapt better to different kinds of exercise training," said Dr. Gerald M. Hoffman, a professor at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.
"There are different reasons why different people adapt better to different kinds of exercise training," says Dr. Marcus Bamman, an exercise researcher at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.
"And an important factor that we're starting to learn more about is our genes.
The researchers say
The researchers are studying how genes affect our body's response to physical activity. They are looking at how exercise affects people's bodies differently. And they are even exploring how it affects your microbiome.
The ultimate goal is to be able to provide each individual with an exercise "prescription" that works best for them. The ultimate goal is to be able to provide each person with an optimal exercise 'prescription,' so they can reap the greatest benefits," says Dr. Banman.
Genetic influences
Scientists know that different types of exercise have different effects on health, explains Dr. William Kraus, who studies heart disease prevention at Duke University. The benefits depend on the type, intensity, and amount of exercise," he says.
For example, his lab has observed that prolonged moderate-intensity exercise, such as brisk walking, may be particularly effective in lowering blood sugar levels. This could be important for people trying to prevent diabetes.
For people who want to lower the level of "bad" cholesterol in their blood to prevent heart attacks, many high-intensity exercises that make the heart beat faster and stronger may be most helpful, Dr. Krauss adds.
His team observed these effects in both men and women, across all ages. But when you look at individuals within those groups, not everyone gets the same benefit from the same training, he said.
We're trying to understand how your genetic background determines your response to exercise," he said.
He said. His team has identified a set of genes that predict who will see the greatest improvement in heart health from aerobic exercise, such as jogging or cycling.
Bamman's team has
discovered a set of genes that may help predict who will gain the most muscle from a strength-training program. But just because you might not get the same gains from one type of exercise as someone else, doesn't mean you won't get anything.
Everyone responds to exercise in a positive way," Bamman said.
For example, people who couldn't gain muscle like everyone else in our study gained another kind of strength. They still improved their ability to walk and many other important aspects of their health.
The researchers are looking for other genes that can predict how exercise affects different aspects of health, such as blood sugar control. In one study, Krauss and his team tested an exercise program to reduce the risk of diabetes in a large group of people.
The results showed that "despite all the exercise, some people's blood sugar control improved significantly, while for others it did not improve at all.
The Role of Microorganisms
How does exercise affect your body? Scientists have been explaining the role of the microbiome in how exercise affects your body. The microbiome refers to the microorganisms that live in and on your body.
A recent study had found changes in certain types of gut bacteria in marathon runners. The researchers transferred those bacteria to mice, and the result was that the mice given the bacteria were able to run longer.
Scientists are just beginning to study the role of the microbiome in fitness, and Dr. Krauss said such studies can be challenging because diet, sleep, and even residence can affect the microbiome.
As researchers continue to study more about biology and physical activity, it is recommended that you engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week, as how much activity you do can make a difference in your health.
In addition, strength training two days a week was also recommended.
Cluster analysis reveals differential transcript profiles associated with resistance training-induced human skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Thalacker-Mercer A, Stec M, Cui X, Cross J, Windham S, Bamman M. Physiol Genomics. 2013 Jun 17;45(12):499-507. doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00167. 2012. Epub 2013 Apr 30. PMID: 23632419.
Genomic predictors of the maximal O₂ uptake response to standardized exercise training programs. Bouchard C, Sarzynski MA, Rice TK, Kraus WE, Church TS, Sung YJ, Rao DC, Rankinen T. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2011 May;110(5):1160-70. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00973.2010. Epub 2010 Dec 23. PMID: 21183627.
Biological Insights Into Muscular Strength: Genetic Findings in the UK Biobank. Tikkanen E, Gustafsson S, Amar D, Shcherbina A, Waggott D, Ashley EA, Ingelsson E. Sci Rep. 2018 Apr 24;8(1):6451. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24735-y. PMID: 29691431.
Summary.
Genetic research on exercise programs is still underway, so it seems that no conclusions can be drawn, but it has been stated that the exercise you do will result in some form of improvement.
There are a lot of things out there that will make you lose weight, soften you up, or make you thinner, but the reason these things don't produce the same results is because of genetic factors, so unless you're slacking off, it's not your fault.
As a provider of exercise, you need to pay attention to these things, but this may not go away because easy to understand advertising attracts people.
If research on heredity yields some results, the world's "XX method" may be swept away and programs that are suitable for each person will be offered.
